1. ENERGY SITUATION ...................................................................................................... 1
- 1.1 World Energy Situation .............................................................................................. 1
- 1.2 Japan’s Energy Situation ............................................................................................ 1
- 2.1 Outline of Energy Conservation Policies ..................................................................... 4
- (1) Brief history of energy conservation policies in Japan
- (2) Promotion of energy conservation measures
- 2.2 Basic Energy Plan ....................................................................................................... 5
- (1) Industrial sector
- (2) Residential sector
- (3) Business sector
- (4) Transportation sector
- (5) Cross-cutting measures
- 2.3 National Strategies and Plans ...................................................................................... 6
- (1) New National Energy Strategy
- (2) Energy Conservation Frontrunner Plan
- (3) Energy Conservation Technology Strategy
- 2.4 Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy ................................................................ 8
- (1) Objective
- (2) Energy defined by the law
- (3) Basic policies and obligations of energy users
- (4) Measures for factories etc.
- (5) Measures for buildings
- (6) Measures for equipment
- (7) Measures for transportation
- (8) Amendment of the law concerning the rational use of energy
- 2.5 Financial Supporting Measures .................................................................................. 21
- (1) Loan program with special interest rate (FY2010)
- (2) Tax incentives program (FY2010)
- (3) Subsidy program (FY2010)
- 2.6 Awarding Programs toward Energy Conservation Efforts ........................................... 24
- 2.7 Publicity Activities .................................................................................................... 25
- 2.8 Energy Audit Program by ECCJ ................................................................................ 25
- (1) Energy audit for factories
- (2) Energy audit for commercial buildings
3. GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS ........................................................................... 26
- 3.1 Climate Change and Energy Consumption ................................................................. 26
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(1) Transition of deviation of global average near-surface temperature
(only at the ground level)
- (2) Global energy balance (Index incident solar rays = 100)
- (3) Transition of atmospheric CO2 concentration and CO2 emission from fossil fuel
- (4) CO2 emissions by country (2007)
- (5) Per-capita CO2 emissions (2007)
- 3.2 International Efforts to Counter Global Warming ...................................................... 29
- (1) IPCC: accumulation of scientific knowledge
- (2) UNFCCC: study of international countermeasures
- (3) IPCC report on global warming
- (4) Influences of greenhouse-gases on global warming (1850-1990)
- (5) History of COPs of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
- (6) Background and main points of COP15 & COP/MOP5
- 3.3 Kyoto Protocol Coming into Effect ............................................................................. 32
- 3.4 G8 Summit ................................................................................................................ 33
- (1) Outline of Gleneagles Summit
- (2) Outline of Hokkaido Toyako Summit
- (3) Outline of Muskoka Summit
- 3.5 Energy Conservation Activities of the Foreign Countries .......................................... 35
- 3.6 Japan’s Policies to Deal with Global Warming ........................................................... 37
- (1) Guideline for measures to prevent global warming
- (2) Kyoto protocol target achievement plan
- (3) Reinforcement of energy conservation measures in each sector
- 4.1 Industrial Sector ....................................................................................................... 40
- (1) Energy situation for the industrial sector
- (2) Energy conservation policies and measures for the industrial sector
- (3) Outline of the Keidanren Voluntary Action Plan on the Environment
(Target and Measures of Major Organizations)
- (4) Overall factory inspection based on the energy conservation law
- (5) Dissemination and promotion of energy conservation technology
- (6) Energy conservation by coordination among factories and workplaces
- (7) Dissemination of high-efficiency industrial furnaces and high-efficiency boilers
- (8) Dissemination of cogeneration and fuel cells
- (9) Important check points concerning technical energy conservation measures
- (10) Challenges in typical energy conservation technology development
- 4.2 Equipment ................................................................................................................. 55
- (1) Energy situation for equipment
- (2) Energy conservation policies and measures for equipment - Top Runner Program
- (3) Dissemination and outreach measures for equipment
- 4.3 Commercial/Residential Sector ................................................................................... 63
- (1) Energy situation for the commercial /residential sector
- (2) Energy conservation policies and measures for the residential sector
- (3) Energy conservation policies and measures for the commercial sector
- (4) Promotion of commercial building energy management system (BEMS)
(thorough energy management utilizing IT)
- (5) Promotion of ESCO business
- 4.4 Transportation Sector ................................................................................................ 72
- (1) Energy situation for the transportation sector
- (2) Energy conservation policies and measures for the transportation sector
APPENDIX
1. ENERGY DATA ............................................................................................................... 76
- 1.1 World Energy Data .................................................................................................... 76
- (1) Energy resource reserves
- (2) Primary energy consumption by energy resource
- (3) Primary energy consumption by region
- (4) Trend of primary energy consumption
- (5) Energy supply in major countries
- (6) Energy consumption in major countries
- 1.2 Domestic Energy Data ............................................................................................... 83
- (1) Demand of energy sources and GDP
- (2) Outlook of energy consumption and supply
- 1.3 Domestic Sectoral Energy Data ................................................................................. 86
- (1)Industrial sector
- (2)Residential sector
- (3)Commercial sector
- (4)Transportation sector
2. STANDARDS OF JUDGMENT ....................................................................................... 97
- 2.1 Standards of Judgment for Factories etc. on Rational Use of Energy .......................... 97
Table : Standards and Target Values for Operating Equipment in Factories etc ........ 114
- (1) Air ratios for boilers
- (2) Waste gas temperatures for boilers
- (3) Air ratios for industrial furnaces
- (4) Standard and target rates of waste heat recovery for industrial furnaces
(including waste gas temperatures for reference)
- (5) Standard values and target values of furnace wall outer surface temperatures
(for industrial furnaces with furnace temperatures of 500℃ and higher)
- (6) Standard value and target value of power factor
- (7) Target efficiencies of high efficiency motors
- (8) Benchmark index and medium- and long- term target level
- 2.2 Standards of Judgment for Buildings on Rational Use of Energy ............................... 122
- (1) Prevention of heat loss through external walls, windows, etc. of the buildings
- (2) Efficient use of energy by air conditioning equipment
- (3) Efficient use of energy by mechanical ventilation equipment other than air conditioning
equipment
- (4) Efficient use of energy by lighting fixtures
- (5) Efficient use of energy by hot water supply equipment
- (6) Efficient use of energy by vertical transportation
3. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ............................................................................. 131
- 3.1 Outline of Asia Energy Conservation Program ........................................................ 131
- (1) Significance of energy conservation cooperation
- (2) Future direction of energy conservation cooperation
- (3) Cooperation to individual country in energy conservation field
- 3.2 East Asia Summit (EAS) ......................................................................................... 134
- (1) Overview
- (2) Past achievement (energy, environment etc. related issues only)
- 3.3 International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation (IPEEC) .................... 136
- (1) Purpose and overview
- (2) Activities
- (3) Energy Management Action Network (EMAK) REFERENCE
REFERENCE
1. RELATED ORGANIZATIONS ...................................................................................... 138
- 1.1 Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)
- 1.2 The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (ECCJ)
- 1.3 The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO)
- 1.4 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
- 1.5 The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan (IEEJ)
2. ENERGY CALORIES (JAPAN) .................................................................................... 144
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