1. ENERGY SITUATION ...................................................................................................... 1
- 1.1 World Energy Situation .............................................................................................. 1
- 1.2 Japan’s Energy Situation ............................................................................................ 1
2. ENERGY CONSERVATION POLICIES AND LAWS IN JAPAN ........................................ 4
- 2.1 Outline of Energy Conservation Policies ..................................................................... 4
- (1) Brief history of energy conservation policies in Japan
- (2) Promotion of energy conservation measures
- 2.2 Basic Energy Plan ....................................................................................................... 5
- (1) Industrial sector
- (2) Residential sector
- (3) Business sector
- (4) Transportation sector
- (5) Cross-cutting measures
- 2.3 National Strategies and Plans ..................................................................................... 6
- (1) New National Energy Strategy
- (2) Energy Conservation Frontrunner Plan
- (3) Energy Conservation Technology Strategy
- 2.4 Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy ............................................................... 8
- (1) Objective
- (2) Energy defined by the law
- (3) Basic policies and obligations of energy users
- (4) Measures for factories etc.
- (5) Measures for buildings
- (6) Measures for equipment
- (7) Measures for transportation
- (8) Amendment of the law concerning the rational use of energy
- 2.5 Financial Supporting Measures .................................................................................. 21
- (1) Loan program with special interest rate (FY2010)
- (2) Tax incentives program (FY2011)
- 2.6 Awarding Programs toward Energy Conservation Efforts ........................................... 24
- (1) Awarding of Excellent Energy Conservation activities (Energy Conservation Grand Prize)
- (2) Awarding for suppliers of Excellent Energy Conservation Equipment
- 2.7 Publicity Activities .................................................................................................... 25
- 2.8 Energy Audit Program by ECCJ ................................................................................ 25
- (1) Energy audit for factories
- (2) Energy audit for commercial buildings
3. GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS ........................................................................... 26
- 3.1 Climate Change and Energy Consumption ............................................................... 26
-
(1) Transition of deviation of global average near-surface temperature
(only at the ground level)
- (2) Global energy balance (Index incident solar rays = 100)
- (3) Transition of atmospheric CO2 concentration and CO2 emission from fossil fuel
- (4) CO2 emissions by country (2008)
- (5) Per-capita CO2 emissions (2008)
- 3.2 International Efforts to Counter Global Warming ..................................................... 29
- (1) IPCC: accumulation of scientific knowledge
- (2) UNFCCC: study of international countermeasures
- (3) IPCC report on global warming
- (4) Influences of greenhouse-gases on global warming (1850-1990)
- (5) History of COPs of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
- (6) Background and main points of COP 17 & COP/CMP 7
- 3.3 Kyoto Protocol Coming into Effect ............................................................................. 32
- 3.4 G8 Summit ................................................................................................................ 34
- (1) Outline of Gleneagles Summit
- (2) Outline of Hokkaido Toyako Summit
- (3) Outline of Muskoka Summit
- 3.5 Energy Conservation Activities of the Foreign Countries .......................................... 36
- 3.6 Japan’s Policies to Deal with Global Warming ........................................................... 38
- (1) Guideline for measures to prevent global warming
- (2) Kyoto protocol target achievement plan
- (3) Reinforcement of energy conservation measures in each sector
4. ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES BY SECTOR .................................................. 41
- 4.1 Industrial Sector ....................................................................................................... 41
- (1) Energy situation for the industrial sector
- (2) Energy conservation policies and measures for the industrial sector
- (3) Outline of the Keidanren Voluntary Action Plan on the Environment
(Target and Measures of Major Organizations)
- (4) Overall factory inspection based on the energy conservation law
- (5) Dissemination and promotion of energy conservation technology
- (6) Energy conservation by coordination among factories and workplaces
- (7) Dissemination of high-efficiency industrial furnaces and high-efficiency boilers
- (8) Dissemination of cogeneration and fuel cells
- (9) Important check points concerning technical energy conservation measures
- (10) Challenges in typical energy conservation technology development
- 4.2 Equipment ................................................................................................................... 56
- (1) Energy situation for equipment
- (2) Energy conservation policies and measures for equipment - Top Runner Program
- (3) Dissemination and outreach measures for equipment
- 4.3 Commercial/Residential Sector ................................................................................... 65
- (1) Energy situation for the commercial /residential sector
- (2) Energy conservation policies and measures for the residential sector
- (3) Energy conservation policies and measures for the commercial sector
- (4) Promotion of commercial building energy management system (BEMS)
(thorough energy management utilizing IT)
- (5) Promotion of ESCO business
- 4.4 Transportation Sector ................................................................................................ 74
- (1) Energy situation for the transportation sector
- (2) Energy conservation policies and measures for the transportation sector
APPENDIX
1. ENERGY DATA ............................................................................................................... 77
- 1.1 World Energy Data .....................................................................................................77
- (1) Energy resource reserves
- (2) Primary energy consumption by energy resource
- (3) Primary energy consumption by region
- (4) Trend of primary energy consumption
- (5) Energy supply in major countries
- (6) Energy consumption in major countries
- 1.2 Domestic Energy Data ............................................................................................... 84
- (1) Demand of energy sources and GDP
- (2) Outlook of energy consumption and supply
- 1.3 Domestic Sectoral Energy Data .................................................................................. 87
- (1)Industrial sector
- (2)Residential sector
- (3)Commercial sector
- (4)Transportation sector
2. STANDARDS OF JUDGMENT ....................................................................................... 98
- 2.1 Standards of Judgment for Factories etc. on Rational Use of Energy.......................... 98
- (1) Table : Standards and Target Values for Operating Equipment in Factories etc.
2.2 Standards of Judgment for Buildings on Rational Use of Energy................................ 123
- (1) Prevention of heat loss through external walls, windows, etc. of the buildings
- (2) Efficient use of energy by air conditioning equipment
- (3) Efficient use of energy by mechanical ventilation equipment other than air conditioning equipment
- (4) Efficient use of energy by lighting fixtures
- (5) Efficient use of energy by hot water supply equipment
- (6) Efficient use of energy by vertical transportation
3. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION.....................................................132
- 3.1 Outline of Asia Energy Conservation Program.......................................................... 132
- (1) Significance of energy conservation cooperation
- (2) Future direction of energy conservation cooperation
- (3) Cooperation to individual country in energy conservation field
3.2 East Asia Summit (EAS)........................................................................................... 135
- (1) Overview
- (2) Past achievement (energy, environment etc. related issues only)
3.3 International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation (IPEEC)...................... 137
- (1) Purpose and overview
- (2) Activities
- (3) Energy Management Action Network (EMAK)
REFERENCE
1. RELATED ORGANIZATIONS ...................................................................................... 139
- 1.1 Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI).................................................... 139
- 1.2 The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (ECCJ)..................................................... 141
- 1.3 The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
(NEDO)................................................................................................................. 142
- 1.4 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)..................................................... 143
- 1.5 The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan (IEEJ).................................................... 144
2. ENERGY CALORIES (JAPAN) .................................................................................... 145
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