ECCJ/Country Reports Presentation in METI Group Training Course(2004.11)/vietnam

TRAINING TEXT

Vietnam

Standards for Judgment by Enterprises Regarding
Rationalization of
Energy Use at Plants and Business Establishments

(Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Notification No. 4, Jan. 10, 2003)

2. Other matters regarding rationalization of energy use

(1)	Matters for consideration to enable efficient use of thermal energy
	In order to promote efficient use of heat, data shall be developed regarding the overall state of energy use from the perspective of effective energy (exergy), and consideration shall also be given to improving the thermal consistency of heat use.

(2)	Use of excess steam, etc.

	1)	Where high-temperature combustion gas or steam with utility value is present at a plant, consideration shall be given to effective utilization for purposes such as power generation and work power in line with the perspective described in (1). Improvement of the efficiency of conversion of heat to motive power by means of compound power generation and improvement of steam conditions shall also be considered.
	2)	Where resources such as excess heat and steam are present at a plant, effective use at other plants and in the consumer sector based on the perspective described in (1) shall be considered.

(3)	Use of unused energy

	1)	Consideration shall be given to maximizing recovery and use of energy and fuels generated at the time of combustion or processing of combustible waste.
	2)	Where recovery of temperature differential energy of sewage, river water or seawater, etc. in the area around a plant is possible, consideration shall be given to maximizing use thereof by means of high-efficiency facilities using equipment such as heat pumps.

(4)	Use of providers of energy use rationalization services

In taking the necessary measures to further all-round rationalization of energy use, consideration shall also be given to use of services provided by energy service companies (ESCOs; defined as businesses providing comprehensive services to rationalize energy use), including energy audits to improve energy efficiency, advice, and guarantees regarding efficiency of energy use.

Attached Table 1(A) Base air ratios (I 1 (1) 2))
(1)	Base air ratios for boilers


	“For electricity supply business” means facilities installed by electricity suppliers (as defined under Article 2.1.8 of the Electric Utilities Industry Law; the same shall apply hereafter) to generate electricity.

Notes:

	1.	The values for base air ratio given in this table are for the air ratio measured at the boiler outlet at the time of combustion at a fixed load under stable conditions after periodic inspection.
	2.	The load factor is the load factor of the turbine in the case of facilities installed to generate electricity, and the load rate of the boiler in the case of other facilities.
	3.	The air ratio is calculated by the following formula, and the result is rounded to one decimal place where the number of significant digits of the base air ratio extends to two decimal places, and to two decimal places where the number of significant digits extends to three decimal places.
air ratio = 21 / (21 - oxygen concentration of exhaust gas (percent))
	4.	The base air ratio for solid fuel fixed-bed boilers fueled by powdered coal shall be 1.15-1.3 in the case of “for electricity supply business”, and 1.2-1.3 in the case of “other” (provided that such facilities have an evaporation capacity of from 30 tons per hour or from 10 tons to under 30 tons per hour).
	5.	In the case of multi-fuel boilers combusting multiple types of fuel, the base air ratio for the fuel with the highest fuel ratio (based on heat value; the same shall apply hereafter) shall apply.
	6.	The values for base air ratio given in the table shall not apply to the air ratios of the following boilers: (1) Small boilers provided for by Article 1.4 of the Occupational Safety and Health Law Enforcement Ordinance (2) Boilers modified after installation for fuel conversion (3) Multi-fuel boilers combusting wood waste, tree bark, sludge and other industrial waste with fuel (4) Boilers combusting black liquor (5) Boilers combusting waste tires (6) Single-fuel boilers fueled by byproduct gas with a heat value of no more than 3,800 kJ per normal cubic meter (7) Boilers processing toxic gas (8) Boilers using waste heat (9) Boilers using a heat medium other than water (10) Boilers not in operation at the time of periodic inspection or otherwise not in regular operation, and boilers used for development, research or trial production

(2)	Base air ratios for industrial furnaces (I 1 (1) 2))

Notes:

	1.	The values for base air ratio given in this table are for the air ratio measured at the furnace exhaust outlet at the time of combustion at near rated load after inspection or repair.
	2.	The value for liquid fuel shall be used for the air ratio of industrial furnaces combusting blast furnace gas or other byproduct gas.
	3.	The base air ratios given in the table shall not apply to the air ratios of the following industrial furnaces: (1) Furnaces using solid fuel (excluding single-fuel furnaces fueled by powdered coal) (2) Furnaces with a rated capacity (burner fuel combustion performance) of under 20 L per hour (fuel equivalent) (3) Furnaces requiring a special atmosphere for oxidation or reduction (4) Furnaces requiring dilution air for heat pattern maintenance or equalization of internal temperature (5) Furnaces combusting byproduct gas with a heat value of not more than 3,800 kJ per normal cubic meter (6) Furnaces not in operation at the time of periodic inspection or otherwise not in regular use, and furnaces used for development, research or trial production (7) Industrial furnaces using materials that degenerate at high temperature and requiring air for cooling dilution (8) Furnaces combusting combustible waste

Attached Table 1(B) Target air ratios (I 1 (1) 2))
(1)	Target air ratios for boilers

	* “For electricity supply business” means facilities installed by electricity suppliers to generate electricity.
	Notes:

	1.	The values for target air ratio given in this table are for the air ratio at the boiler outlet at the time of combustion at a fixed load under stable conditions after periodic inspection.
	2.	Load factor and air ratio are calculated according to Notes 2 and 3 to Attached Table A (A) (1).
	3.	The target air ratio for solid fuel fixed-bed boilers fueled by powdered coal shall be 1.15-1.25 in the case of “for electricity supply business”, and 1.2-125 in the case of “other” (provided that such facilities have an evaporation capacity of from 30 tons per hour or from 10 tons to under 30 tons.
	4.	The value of the target air ratio for boilers combusting black liquor shall be 1.2-1.3 at a load factor of 50-100%.
	5.	In the case of multi-fuel boilers combusting multiple types of fuel, the target air ratio for the fuel with the highest fuel ratio (based on heat value; the same shall apply hereafter) shall apply.
	6.	The values for target heat value given in the table shall not apply to the air ratios of the following boilers; provided, however, that consideration shall be given to control of the air ratio in accordance with the table where possible: (1) Small boilers provided for by Article 1.4 of the Occupational Safety and Health Law Enforcement Ordinance (2) Boilers modified after installation for fuel conversion (3) Multi-fuel boilers combusting wood waste, tree bark, sludge and other industrial waste with fuel (4) Boilers combusting waste tires (5) Furnaces combusting byproduct gas with a heat value of not more than 3,800 kJ per normal cubic meter (6) Boilers processing toxic gas (7) Boilers using waste heat (8) Boilers not in operation at the time of periodic inspection or otherwise not in regular operation, and boilers used for development, research or trial production

(2)	Target air ratios for industrial furnaces (II 1 (1) 1))


	Notes:
	1.	The values for target air ratio given in this table are for the air ratio measured at the furnace exhaust outlet at the time of combustion at near rated load after inspection or repair.
	2.	The value for liquid fuel shall be used for the air ratio of industrial furnaces combusting blast furnace gas or other byproduct gas.
	3.	The values for target air ratio given in the table shall not apply to the air ratios of the following industrial furnaces; provided, however, that consideration shall be given to control of air ratio in accordance with the table where possible. (1) Furnaces with a rated capacity (burner fuel combustion performance) of under 20 L per hour (fuel equivalent) (2) Furnaces requiring a special atmosphere for oxidation or reduction (3) Furnaces requiring dilution air for heat pattern maintenance or equalization of internal temperature (4) Furnaces combusting byproduct gas with a heat value of not more than 3,800 kJ per normal cubic meter (5) Furnaces not in operation at the time of periodic inspection or otherwise not in regular use, and furnaces used for the purpose of development, research or trial production (6) Industrial furnaces using materials that degenerate at high temperature and requiring air for cooling dilution

Attached Table 2(A) Base furnace wall external temperature (I 3 (1) 2))

Notes:

	1.	The values for base furnace wall external temperature given in the table are for the mean temperature on the external wall (excluding specific parts) of a furnace at the time of routine operation at an outside air temperature of 20°C.
	2.	The values for base furnace wall external temperature given in the table shall not apply to the furnace wall external temperatures of the following industrial furnaces. (1) Furnaces with a rated capacity (burner fuel combustion performance) of under 20 L per hour (crude oil equivalent) (2) Furnaces that forcibly cool (3) Rotary kilns (4) Furnaces used for development, research or trial production

Attached Table 2(B) Target furnace wall external temperatures (II 1 (2) 14))

Notes:

	1.	The values for target furnace wall external temperature given in the table are for the mean temperature on the external wall (excluding specific parts) of a furnace during routine operation at an outside air temperature of 20°C.
	2.	The values for target furnace wall external temperature shall not apply to the furnace wall temperatures of the following furnaces; provided, however, that consideration shall be given to increasing the insulation efficiency of the furnace wall in accordance with the table where possible. (1) Furnaces with a rated capacity (burner fuel combustion performance) of under 20 L per hour (crude oil equivalent) (2) Furnaces that forcibly cool (3) Rotary kilns (4) Furnaces used for development, research or trial production

Attached Table 3(A) Base waste gas temperature and base waste heat recovery rate (I 4 (1) 2))
(1)	Base waste gas temperatures for boilers

Notes:

	1.	The values for base waste gas temperature given in the table are for the temperature of waste gas measured at the boiler outlet (or outlet of the facility to recover and use waste heat or flue gas treatment system to protect the environment where such facilities have been installed) during combustion at a load factor of 100% (load factor of the turbine where installed to generate electricity, and load factor of the boiler in other cases) at a boiler ventilation system inlet temperature of 20°C after periodic inspection.
	2.	The value of the base waste gas temperature for solid fuel fixed-bed boilers fueled by powdered coal shall be 150°C in the case of “for electricity supply business”, and 200°C for “others” (provided that such equipment has an evaporation capacity of from 30 tons per hour or from 10 tons to under 30 tons per hour).
	3.	The values for base waste gas temperature given in the table shall not apply to the waste gas temperatures of the following boilers: (1) Small boilers provided for by Article 1.4 of the Occupational Safety and Health Law Enforcement Ordinance (2) Boilers modified after installation for fuel conversion (3) Multi-fuel boilers combusting wood waste, tree bark, sludge and other industrial waste with fuel (4) Boilers combusting black liquor (5) Boilers processing toxic gas (6) Boilers using waste heat or remaining heat (7) Boilers using a heat medium other than water (8) Boilers not in operation at the time of periodic inspection or otherwise not in regular operation, and boilers used for the purpose of development, research or trial production

(2)	Base waste heat recovery rates for industrial furnaces (I 4 (1) 2))

	1.	“Waste gas temperature” means the temperature at the furnace outlet or recuperator inlet for waste gas emitted from the furnace chamber.
	2.	The capacity categories for industrial furnaces are as follows: A Furnaces with a rated capacity of from 84,000 MJ per hour B Furnaces with a rated capacity of from 21,000 MJ to under 84,000 MJ per hour C Furnaces with a rated capacity of from 840 MJ to under 21,000 MJ per hour
	Notes:
	1.	The values for base waste heat recovery rates given in the table indicate recovered heat value as a proportion of the sensible heat value of the exhaust gas emitted from the furnace chamber at the time of combustion at near rated load.
	2.	The values for base waste heat recovery rate given in the table shall not apply to the waste heat recovery rates of the following industrial furnaces: (1) Furnaces with a rated capacity of under 840 MJ per hour (2) Furnaces requiring a special atmosphere for oxidation or reduction (3) Furnaces combusting byproduct gas with a heat value of no more than 3,800 kJ per normal cubic meter (4) Boilers not in operation at the time of periodic inspection or otherwise not in regular operation, and boilers used for development, research or trial production

Attached Table 3(B) Target waste gas temperature and target waste heat recovery rate (II 1 (2) 20))
(1)	Target waste gas temperatures for boilers

Notes:

	1.	The values for target waste gas temperature given in the table are for the waste gas temperature measured at the boiler outlet (or outlet of the facility to recover and use waste heat or flue gas treatment system to protect the environment where such facilities have been installed) at the time of combustion at a load factor of 100% (the load factor of the turbine if installed to generate electricity, and the load factor of the boiler in other cases) at a boiler ventilation system inlet temperature of 20°C after periodic inspection.
	2.	The values for target waste gas temperature for solid fuel fixed-bed boilers fueled by powdered coal shall be 140°C in the case of “for electricity supply business”, and 160°C in the case of “others” (provided that such boilers have an evaporation capacity of from 30 tons per hour or from 10 tons to under 30 tons per hour).
	3.	The target waste gas temperature for boilers that combust black liquor shall be 180°C.
	4.	In the case of multi-fuel boilers combusting multiple types of fuel, the target waste gas temperature for the fuel with the highest fuel ratio shall apply.
	5.	The values for target waste gas temperature given in the table shall not apply to the waste gas temperatures of the following boilers: (1) Small boilers provided for by Article 1.4 of the Occupational Safety and Health Law Enforcement Ordinance (2) Multi-fuel boilers combusting wood waste, tree bark, sludge and other industrial waste with fuel (3) Boilers processing toxic gas (4) Boilers using waste heat or remaining heat (5) Boilers not in operation at the time of periodic inspection or otherwise not in regular operation, and boilers used for development, research or trial production

(2)	Target waste heat recovery rates for industrial furnaces (II 1 (2) 20))

	1.	“Exhaust gas temperature” means the temperature at the furnace outlet or recuperator inlet for exhaust gas emitted from the furnace chamber.
	2.	The capacity categories for industrial furnaces are as follows: A Furnaces with a rated capacity of from 84,000 MJ per hour B Furnaces with a rated capacity of from 21,000 MJ to under 84,000 MJ per hour C Furnaces with a rated capacity of from 840 MJ to under 21,000 MJ per hour
	Notes:
	1.	The values for target waste heat recovery rate given in the table indicate the recovered heat value as a proportion of the sensible heat value of exhaust gas emitted from the furnace chamber at the time of combustion at near rated load.
	2.	The values for target waste heat recovery rate given in the table shall not apply to the waste heat recovery rates of the following industrial furnaces; provided, however, that consideration shall be given to increasing the waste heat recovery rate in accordance with the table where possible. (1) Furnaces with a rated capacity of under 840 MJ (2) Furnaces requiring a special atmosphere for oxidation or reduction (3) Furnaces combusting byproduct gas with a heat value of no more than 3,800 kJ per normal cubic meter (4) Boilers not in operation at the time of periodic inspection or otherwise not in regular operation, and boilers used for the purpose of development, research or trial production
	3.	The values for waste gas temperature and preheated air temperature given under the “Additional information” column in the table were determined by calculating the waste gas temperature in the case of waste heat recovery at the target waste heat recovery rate and the preheated air temperature in the case of air preheating by means of such recovered waste heat under the following conditions. (1) Temperature reduction of 60°C due to radiated heat loss from the furnace outlet to the heat exchanger for air preheating (2) Diffusion heat of 5% from the heat exchanger (3) Fuel is liquid fuel (heavy oil equivalent) (4) Outside air temperature of 20°C (5) Air ratio of 1.2

Attached Table 4 Facilities to increase power factor (I 6 (1) 3) and II 1 (5) 4))

Notes: Facilities that are difficult to install for safety reasons, such as explosion-proof types, are excluded.

Attached Table 5(A)
Target efficiency for high-efficiency totally enclosed electric motors (0.2-160 kW) (II 1 (5) 1))

Notes:

“Efficiency” is measured by the method stipulated in “7.3 Efficiency test” of JIS C 4212 (High-efficiency low-voltage three-phase basket-type induction motors). To this efficiency is applied “4.2 Efficiency tolerance”.

Attached Table 5(B)
Target efficiency of high-efficiency protected electric motors (0.75-160 kW) (II 1 (5) 1))

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