EMAK11

In 2019, the National University of Singapore opened the SDE4 Net-Zero Energy Building, a flag-ship building exemplifying several critical energy efficiency and well-being technologies. Since then, numerous research projects have focused on characterizing the role of humans in the building — in terms of their behavior and what makes them feel satisfied. Dr. Miller will discuss the deployment of the Cozie smartwatch human-building data collection platform (https://github.com/cozie-app) in the SDE4 building and how his team is expanding their methods on a larger scale across Singapore.

This presentation shows history and scenario of carbon neutrality of global and Asia where 50% of fossil energy of the earth will be consumed in 2030 as an introduction. Followed by current status of energy consumption and indoor environment quality for “Green Building” in the metropolis of Asia and pacific based on the observational research survey where we can observe performance gap between desired and actual will be presented. Then, elements of ZEB (e.g. high-performance facade, efficient HVAC system) and its’ effect on 50-60% energy conservation of case study will be displayed.

The high-light of this presentation is the importance of energy conservation of urban building in the hot/humid climate and monitoring/commissioning of occupied building for implementation of carbon neutral with transparency.

In order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, it is essential to pursue thorough energy efficiency in all sectors including buildings.
The 6th Strategic Energy Plan, which has been formulated in 2021, addresses new targets on dissemination of net-Zero Energy Building (ZEB).
To achieve the targets, Japan promotes dissemination of ZEB by measures such as; subsidies for ZEB projects; sharing examples and knowledge on ZEB; publicizing existence of businesses with experience and knowledge on ZEB through “ZEB Planner registration system”; improving awareness of ZEB through the ZEB Mark and “Building-Housing Energy-efficiency Labeling System (BELS)”; and strengthening regulations regarding energy efficiency performance of buildings in cooperation with related ministries and agencies.

An overview of key policies and programs pertaining to the buildings sector in Canada, in support the Government of Canada’s goal to achieve net zero emissions by 2050.

Space cooling is the fastest-growing use of energy in buildings globally and in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Over the past few decades, there has been a significant growth in the region’s use of electricity for cooling in buildings. ASEAN anticipates air conditioner ownership across the ASEAN Member States (AMS) would rise because of the region’s ongoing economic development and population expansion. Due to this expansion, the region’s space cooling electricity demand could reach 300 TWh in 2040, which would be almost equal to the combined electricity consumption of Singapore and Indonesia. A policy instruments have been developed and available for AMS to push energy efficiency gains for space cooling. It establishes challenging benchmarks for space cooling technologies, such as fans and air conditioners, which can assist direct the goals set forth in this roadmap and subsequent ASEAN-wide action.

The AMS could save 110 TWh of electricity in 2040, cutting the projected space cooling energy use by over one-third, with the help of policy action encouraging the deployment of more energy-efficient air conditioners, along with other energy-efficiency measures like the use of efficient fans and building envelope efficiency improvements. This savings is equivalent to electricity used in Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), and Vietnam combined now. Along with decarbonizing the electrical supply, these same activities would also reduce GHG emissions by about 55 million tonnes of CO2 in 2040, which result from space cooling in ASEAN emitting less CO2 in 2040 than what ASEAN has emitted in 2018.

The Australian Government is committed to transforming the building sector to reach emissions reduction targets in line with the Paris Agreement. Australia has also legislated a net-zero target by 2050. The commercial building sector in Australia is responsible for 25% of overall electricity use and 10% of total carbon emissions, which offers a considerable opportunity for emissions reduction. Transitioning to net-zero energy buildings will be made possible through technology, building policies, energy efficiency, and collaboration with industry and stakeholders. In 2019, The Government released The Trajectory for Low Energy Buildings – a national plan that aims to deliver cost effective energy efficiency improvements to homes and commercial buildings. Under this plan, existing and new buildings will become resilient to climate impacts, take advantage of renewable energy, and move Australia towards a net-zero future.

Is zero energy an arcane term for the industry, a number to be shown off, or a symbol of the right path toward a better future for Singapore? On this tropical island, known to many as the garden city, do we preach the same sustainability ethos in how we act in Singapore? As a beacon of light for the region, what do we know and what are the uncertainties for our future? Will our embrace of sustainability continue to be a reference to many?

The conversion retrofitting of the Astaka Sport Centre is an example of simple and affordable zero energy building (ZEB) in Malaysia. It is part of the pilot project by MBPJ and facilitated by SEDA Malaysia to show that ZEB building is possible. It is also showcase of government to lead by example in reducing carbon emissions in building. MBPJ currently one of the local authorities that adopting the low carbon cities program in Malaysia.

The Astaka Sport Centre is a 40-year-old building that provide facilities for sport and outdoor activities to the community of Petaling Jaya City. The multipurpose single storey building equipped with various function and sport facilities. The floor net floor area is 2,060 sq.m or GFA about 4,625 sq.m

In 2015 – 2018 the building had undergone several improvement (step-by-step) starting with basic energy management and awareness program, followed by the retrofitting of the lighting system and all the air-conditioning split unit to energy efficient 5 star types. The selection of lighting and air-conditioning system for retrofitting is due to the quick energy audit findings, which both systems are consuming about 81% of the total energy, thus the retrofitting of both systems have big impact to the total energy reduction.

Since the building is small, the retrofitting process is quite simple and straight forward. The exercise is more to one-to-one replacement. The retrofitting completed in 2018 and in 2019 the building operates as usual with lower energy consumption about 64% compared to baseline energy in 2015, which is more than 50% saving. The building is qualified as Zero Energy Building under the ZEB Ready category, as accordance with the new definition of ZEB by the International Standards Organization (ISO) under the ISO/TS 23764.

The building has received voluntary ZEB Certification by SEDA Malaysia in 2019. In 2022, the building won National Energy Award and ASEAN Energy Award under the ZEB Building Category (ZEB Ready).

China regards energy conservation and low-carbon development in building sector as a vital content for carbon peaking and neutrality goals. Both central and local governments have been encouraging the development of energy conservation and low-carbon buildings by issuing a number of relevant policies, which will be briefly introduced in this presentation. Additionally, two cases of the best practice in energy conservation and low-carbon buildings will be discussed, including: (1) Demonstration Building with Near-zero Energy Consumption of CABR; (2) Passive House Technology Experience Center in Sino-German Eco-Park. Lastly, prospects for future work in China will be presented.

Air conditioning in buildings has a major impact on the carbon footprint in building operations. This presentation will share our company’s work in energy conservation, with the goal of achieving a zero-energy building (ZEB) and a super low energy building (SLEB) as a private company. In addition, our new building that has achieved SLEB in Singapore will also be presented.

Outstanding projects with an exemplary function are continuously being developed in the building sector. In order to be able to better classify the projects and examples, it is first necessary to determine and define the various approaches towards net zero carbon goals in the building sector. This overview is followed by a brief classification of current trend topics that accompany the discussion in the building sector.
With the help of three selected examples, an overview of successful projects in Germany is provided. These cases give a good overview of the challenges and goals within the framework of the different approaches. Starting with an example from the category sustainable construction and refurbishment of a multi-storey office building, via a case of serial refurbishment of a residential block and closing with the refurbishment of an entire neighbourhood, a comprehensive overview of current German projects is created.

Dr. Yoshitaka Ushio, ECCJ